How to Prevent and Care for Heatstroke in Summers

As the temperatures skyrocket, so does the risk of heat-related illnesses. One such condition is heatstroke or sunstroke, a serious and potentially life-threatening condition that requires immediate attention. Let us know the warning signs, prevention methods, and treatment options for heatstroke.

How To Prevent Sunstroke or Heatstroke?

During heatstroke the body's temperature regulation system fails to cool itself down, causing the internal temperature to rise above 104°F. Simple ways to prevent it.

1. Stay hydrated: Drink plenty of water or other fluids to help your body regulate its temperature. Sometimes water is not enough, after sun or heat exposure add ORS or lemon or other mineral based products to your water.
2. Avoid strenuous activities during peak sun hours: Try to schedule outdoor activities, such as sports or exercise, in the early morning or evening when the sun is not as strong. Monitor children and their outdoor activities. Sleep deprivation can impair proper bodily function, make sure one is well rested during summers.
3. Wear light and loose clothing: Light-colored, lightweight clothes can help reflect the sun's rays and keep you cool. Darker colors absorb more heat.
4. Take breaks in shaded areas: Take regular breaks to rest in a shaded area to avoid prolonged exposure to direct sunlight.
5. Monitor weather forecasts: Be aware of heat indexes and extreme temperature warnings in your area. Install a room thermometer.

What Are the Warning Signs of Heat/Sun Stroke?

1. High body temperature: A person's body temperature can rise above 104°F
2. Confusion or altered mental state: The person may become disoriented, confused, or even unconscious.
3. Slurred speech: Difficulty speaking or mumbling.
4. Nausea and vomiting: Feeling queasy or actually vomiting.
5. Headache: A severe headache can be a symptom of heatstroke. Migraine can also be triggered due to long sun or heat exposure.

What is the treatment and First Aid for Heatstroke?

1. Get the person out of direct sunlight and into an air-conditioned space if possible.
2. Remove any excess clothing to help cool down.
3. Apply cool water or ice packs to the armpits, neck, and other areas where blood vessels are close to the skin's surface. Use wet cloths or towels and fan the area.
4. Give small amounts of cool water to drink, but not if vomiting occurs.
5. Do not self medicate with paracetamol or ibuprofen.

Who are more vulnerable to heatstroke or sunstroke?

1. Age-related physiological changes in Older adults makes them more vulnerable to heatstroke.
2. Infants and school going children can quickly become overheated due to their limited ability to regulate body temperature.
3. Certain health issues, such as heart problems or high blood pressure, increase the risk of complications from heatstroke.